The Hawaiian Language
Until the 1820's, the Hawaiian language was only spoken. History was passed down from generation to generation through the memorization of chants and by dancing the hula. When missionaries arrived from New England, they began to record and write, phonetically, the Hawaiian words. Today, in order to keep the culture alive, the Hawaiian language is still being taught in schools and is enjoying a resurgence in usage in contemporary Hawaiian song lyrics. Now, let's learn some basic Hawaiian to use on your trip to the islands...
| The entire Hawaiian alphabet has only 12 letters |
|
5 vowels
A (ah)
E (eh)
I (ee)
O (oh)
U (oo)
|
7 consonants
H (heh)
K (keh)
L (lah)
M (moo)
N (new)
P (pea)
W (weh)
' (oh-kee-nah) |
In formal or traditional settings, the ' W ' is sometimes pronounced like a ' V ', but this only happens when the ' W ' is in the middle of a word, as in Huh-(v)eye-ee instead of the more common Huh-why-ee. Sometimes you will see a word spelled with an apostrophe between two vowels, as in Ali'i. This is called an "okina" (oh-kee-nah), or a glottal stop; a special consonant represented by a symbol that can change the meaning and pronunciation of a word, and creates an abrupt break or momentary pause by the speaker when the word is spoken.
Vowels may follow each other, as in Hawai'i, where the double vowel is then pronounced as 'eee'. Consonants are always followed by a vowel, creating syllables with only two letters. Words never end in a consonant, so all Hawaiian words end with a vowel, and because there is no "S" in the Hawaiian language, nouns are not pluralized. As in, "Wow, there go two Humuhumunukunukuapa'a!" (The Hawaii State fish). Pronounced: Who-moo-who-moo-nuke-koo-nuke-koo-ah-poo-ah-ah. Note, here too there is an okina at the end of the word, which means the person would say, ah-ah
|
Common Hawaiian Words & Phrases |
| Hawaiian |
English Translation |
| ae |
yes |
| ali'i |
a Hawaiian chief, noble or royalty - Pronounced ah-lee-ee |
| A hui hou |
goodbye |
| akamai |
smart |
| aloha |
means both hello & goodbye, welcome or farewell, romantic love, affection, or best wishes |
| Aloha hiahi |
good evening |
| Aloha au ia oe |
I love you |
| Aloha kakahiaka |
good morning |
| Aloha nui loa |
much love, fondest regards |
| aole |
no |
| 'ekahi |
one |
| hale |
house or building - Pronunced hah-lay |
| hana |
work - "Pau Hana" means I'm done for today - Usually said on Aloha Fridays |
| haole |
Caucasian - originally meant foreigner, now a rather bitter term for a mainlander - 'How-lee' |
| Hauoli la hanau |
Happy Birthday - Pronounced How-oh-lee La Huh-now |
| Hauoli makahiki hou |
Happy New Year - Pronounced How-oh-lee Mah-kah-hee-kee How |
| Heiau |
temple, ancient worship ground - Pronounced 'Hay-ow' |
| hele |
go or walk around |
| hiamoe |
to sleep |
| ho'olohe |
to listen |
| hui |
a group, meeting, or society |
| hula |
native Hawaiian dance - (A hula hale is a hula school house) |
| imu |
an underground oven used to steam cook foods on bed of heated rocks covered by earth |
| ipo |
sweetheart, lover, girl- or boyfriend |
| ipu |
gourd - also an instrument used in hula |
| ka'a |
car |
| kahuna |
teacher or priest |
| kai |
ocean |
| kama'aina |
native born, long-time island resident, local (literal translation - "Of the land") |
| kane |
man (Seen on many restroom doors in Hawaii) - |
| kapu |
forbidden - no tresspassing - Pronounced: Kah-poo |
| kaukau |
food |
| keiki |
child - also used to discribe new baby orchid plants |
| komo mai |
please come in, enter, welcome (E Komo Mai) - "My hale is your hale" |
| kokua |
help - As seen in Jame's Michener's book "Hawaii" - 'Paki Kokua' (Chineese helper) |
| kul |
hot |
| ku |
Ancient Hawaiian god of war, usuallly carved as a tiki |
| kupuna |
grandparent |
| lanai |
porch or patio (Also a Hawaiian island when capitalized) |
| lani |
sky |
| lei |
traditional garland of flowers or vines (An open lei is 'formal', a closed round lei is festive) |
| lomi lomi |
traditional Hawaiian massage (or a luau dish made with salmon) |
| lua |
toilet, restroom, water closet |
| luau |
a Hawaiian feast featuring poi, cooked pork in an imu and drinks with little umbrellas in them |
| Ma'alaea |
Beautiful seaside village on Maui, where your condo is located - Pronounced: Mah-ah-lie-yah |
| mahalo |
thank you |
| Mahalo nui loa |
thank you very much - pronounced: 'Mah-ha-low, New-ee, Low-ah' |
| Mai'ai |
come and eat |
| maika'i |
fine |
| makai |
toward the sea |
| malihini |
newcomer, visitor |
| mauka |
toward the mountains, inland - as in "Mauka Showers" heard on the weather reports |
| mauna |
mountain |
| mele |
a Hawaiian chant or song |
| Mele kalikimaka |
Merry Christmas - Pronounced: May-lay Kah-lee-kee-mah-kah |
| menehune |
a mystical Hawaiian elf |
| moana |
ocean |
| mu'u mu'u |
dress (Please note that the pronunciation is: moo-oo-moo-oo, not 'moo-moo') |
| nani |
beautiful |
| nuha |
sad & blue |
| ohana |
family |
| Okole maluna |
cheers, bottoms up |
| 'Olu'olu |
please |
| ono |
delicious, delightful, the best also a type of fish, which can lead to, "Wow, that was ono ono!" |
| opu |
stomach |
| 'o'opu |
fish - pronounced - 'oh-ah-pu' - as in: 'We used to catch 'o'opu in the mountain stream' |
| pali |
cliff - pronounced 'pah-lee' - as in take the pali highway |
| paniolo |
a Hawaiian cowboy - pronounced 'pan-nee-oh-low' |
| pau |
finished - (See Hana above) |
| Pehea'oe? |
How are you? |
| piko |
belly button |
| pono |
excellent |
| pua |
flower - pronounced 'poo-ah' - as in pua carnation |
| puka |
a hole of any size - as in a puka shell necklace |
| punee |
bed |
| pupu |
an appetizer, snack, hors d'oeuvres - as in pupu platter |
| pupule |
crazy |
| tapa |
traditional paper cloth made from beaten bark |
| tutu |
grandmother |
| ua |
rain |
| wahine |
woman (Also used on the ladies room doors in restaurants and hotels) |
| wai |
freshwater |
| wela |
hot |
| wiki |
quickly, fast |
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